1. Definition
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a minimally invasive procedure used to:
2. Purpose
3. When is it recommended?
Used primarily for imaging and diagnosis.
Helps detect:
Combines diagnosis with minimally invasive treatment.
Procedures performed during therapeutic ERCP include:
Yellowing of the skin and eyes.
Indicates bile duct obstruction.
Severe or chronic pain in the upper abdomen.
May suggest pancreatic or bile duct issues.
Nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite.
Signs of bile or pancreatic duct disorders.
May indicate a bile duct or pancreatic tumor.
Elevated liver enzymes or bilirubin.
Suggests possible bile duct issues.
Stones in the bile duct causing obstruction.
Leads to pain, jaundice, and inflammation.
Inflammation of the pancreas.
Causes duct narrowing and strictures.
Tumors obstructing the biliary or pancreatic ducts.
ERCP aids in diagnosis and stent placement.
Narrowing of the bile ducts due to scarring or inflammation.
Common after surgery or chronic inflammation.
Leakage of bile or pancreatic fluid.
Often occurs after surgical procedures.
Eat a low-fat, high-fiber diet.
Prevents the formation of gallstones.
Reduces the risk of pancreatitis.
Lowers the chances of bile duct disease.
Routine ultrasounds or MRCP for at-risk individuals.
Early detection of bile duct issues.
Maintaining a healthy weight reduces gallstone risk.
Prevents bile duct blockages.
Treating GERD, gastritis, and gallbladder issues early.
Reduces the risk of complications.
Gallstones or bile duct stones removed during the procedure.
Prevents further obstructions and complications.
Metal or plastic stents inserted into the bile or pancreatic ducts.
Relieves obstructions and improves drainage.
Small incision made in the sphincter muscle.
Allows for better bile and pancreatic juice flow.
For biliary leaks or strictures.
Drains excess fluid and prevents infections.
Fasting for 6-8 hours before the procedure.
Medication adjustments (if required).
Sedation or general anesthesia is administered.
Patient lies on their side.
A flexible endoscope is inserted through the mouth into the duodenum.
A catheter is guided into the bile or pancreatic duct.
Contrast dye injected to enhance X-ray visibility.
Fluoroscopy (X-ray) captures real-time images.
Therapeutic interventions performed (e.g., stone removal, stent placement).
Mild sore throat for a few hours.
Rest and hydration recommended.
Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities.
Continue prescribed medications unless instructed otherwise.
Avoid NSAIDs or blood thinners temporarily.
Results are reviewed with the patient.
Follow-up imaging or biopsy results discussed.
